2017MPAcc英语长难句语法知识点：倒装句结构

　　所谓的倒装，是指句子并未按照正常的主谓结构去呈现语序，而是出于语法需要或平衡结构的需要，将谓语或谓语中的一部分移到主语之前。如果是将谓语全部移到主语之前，则为完全倒装;如果是谓语中的一部分前置，则为部分倒装。

　　一、介词短语作状语位于句首，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子要完全倒装。

　　例：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.

　　
　　二、here, there，now, then开头的句子，句中的谓语动词为不及物动词时，句子要发生完全倒装。

　　例：Here comes the train! / There goes the bell!

　　
　　三、表否定的副词或短语位于句首，句子要发生部分倒装。

　　常见否定副词：not , not only ,few, barely,never , little , seldom , hardly,scarcely, ...

　　常见表否定的短语：in no way, by no means, at no time, under no circumstance...

　　
　　例：Little dotheyknow about him.

　　Seldom doesshe come back on Sundays.

　　
　　注：not only ... but also ...引导两个并列句，前倒后不倒。

　　例：Not only doesshe do well in herlessons, but alsoshe often helps others with their lessons.　　

　　四、Only+状语(从句)位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。

　　例：Only then did I realize the importanceof English.

　　五、so…that结构中的倒装。

　　如果要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词，常将so及它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时，主句要发生部分倒装。

　　例：倒装前：She runs so fast thatshe is far ahead of others.

　　倒装后：So fast doesshe run thatshe is far ahead of others.

　　六、if引导的虚拟条件句中，如有were ( had , should ) , if则可省去，,把were，had，should提到主语前面，发生部分倒装。

　　例：倒装前Ifwehad come yesterday,wewould have seen him.

　　倒装后Hadwecome yesterday,wewould have seen him.

　　七、as引导的让步状语从句，要发生部分倒装。

　　1.副词置于句首。

　　例：Much asshelike it (=Althoughshelike it very much), I will not buy it.

　　
　　2.动词置于句首。

　　例：Wait aswemay (= Althoughwemay wait), he will not seeus.

　　
　　3.形容词或名词置于句首。

　　例：Child as he is (=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.

　　注：当名词前有形容词修饰时，as引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。

　　例：A bad-tempered man as he is (=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.